Control interno en Tesorería del GAD Latacunga: una evaluación basada en el modelo COSO
Internal control in the Treasury of the GAD Latacunga: an evaluation based on the COSO model
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59773/ci.v7i2.A.143Palabras clave:
Control interno, COSO, tesorería municipal, gestión pública, gobiernos localesResumen
RESUMEN
El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la percepción del control interno en la Unidad de Tesorería del GAD Municipal de Latacunga con base en los componentes del modelo COSO. Se desarrolló un estudio cuantitativo, no experimental y transversal con 47 funcionarios. Se aplicó un cuestionario tipo Likert de cinco puntos organizado en cinco dimensiones teóricas: ambiente de control, evaluación de riesgos, actividades de control, información y comunicación, y supervisión/monitoreo. El Índice de Control Interno (ICI) se construyó mediante el promedio simple de los planteamientos estandarizados por dimensión y, posteriormente, el promedio simple de las cinco dimensiones. No se aplicó análisis factorial debido al tamaño muestral, la naturaleza ordinal de los ítems y la existencia de una estructura teórica previa. El ICI presentó una media de 0,644 en escala de 0 a 1. La dimensión mejor valorada fue ambiente de control (0,722) y la menor fue actividades de control (0,594). La confiabilidad fue elevada (alfa=0,9668 para los 30 ítems; alfa=0,9654 para los 28 ítems del índice). En general la percepción del control interno es favorable, aunque las principales oportunidades de mejora se ubican en la gestión formal de riesgos, la rotación de personal y el fortalecimiento operativo de las actividades de control.
Palabras Clave: Control interno, COSO, tesorería municipal, gestión pública, gobiernos locales
ABSTRACT
The objective of this work was to evaluate the perception of internal control in the Treasury Unit of the Municipal GAD of Latacunga based on the components of the COSO model. A quantitative, non-experimental and cross-sectional study was carried out with 47 employees. A five-point Likert-type questionnaire was applied organized into five theoretical dimensions: control environment, risk assessment, control activities, information and communication, and supervision/monitoring. The Internal Control Index (ICI) was constructed using the simple average of the standardized approaches by dimension and, subsequently, the simple average of the five dimensions. Factor analysis was not applied due to the sample size, the ordinal nature of the items, and the existence of a previous theoretical structure. The ICI presented a mean of 0.644 on a scale of 0 to 1. The best valued dimension was controlling environment (0.722) and the lowest was control activities (0.594). Reliability was high (alpha=0.9668 for the 30 items; alpha=0.9654 for the 28 items in the index). In general, the perception of internal control is favorable, although the main opportunities for improvement are in formal risk management, staff turnover, and the operational strengthening of control activities.
Keywords: Internal control, COSO, municipal treasury, public management, local governments
Citas
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